g ' day fellas ! my name is Dearni, here i will explain to all readers about figure of speech. So yap, lets get start it ! 

Figure Of Speech

What is Figure of Speech ?

    A figure of speech is a word or phrase that is used in a non-literal way to create an effect. This effect may be rhetorical as in the deliberate arrangement of words to achieve something poetic, or imagery as in the use of language to suggest a visual picture or make an idea more vivid. Overall, figures of speech function as literary devices because of their expressive use of language. Words are used in other ways than their literal meanings or typical manner of application.

The Purpose of Figure of Speech

    In general, the purpose of a figure of speech is to lend texture and color to your writing. (This is itself a figure of speech, since figures of speech don't actually change the colors or textures on the page) For instance, metaphors allow you to add key details that make the writing more lively and relatable.

Types of Figure of Speech

     A. Metaphor

    Many common figures of speech are metaphors. That is, they use words in a manner other than their literal meaning. However, metaphors use figurative language to make comparisons between unrelated things or ideas. The “peak of her career,” for example, is a metaphor, since a career is not a literal mountain with a peak, but the metaphor represents the idea of arriving at the highest point of one’s career.

    B. Idiom

    An idiom is a common phrase with a figurative meaning. Idioms are different from other figures of speech in that their figurative meanings are mostly known within a particular language, culture, or group of people. In fact, the English language alone has about 25,000 idioms. Some examples include “it’s raining cats and dogs” when it is raining hard, or “break a leg” when wishing someone good luck.

       Example

There’s a supermarket and a pharmacy in the mall, so if we go there, we can kill two birds with one stone.

    The idiom is a common way of saying that two tasks can be completed in the same amount of time or same place.

    C. Proverb

    A proverb is a short, commonplace saying that is universally understood in today’s language and used to express general truths. “Don’t cry over spilt milk” is a popular example. Most proverbs employ metaphors (e.g. the proverb about milk isn’t literally about milk).

       Example

I know you think you’re going to sell all of those cookies, but don’t count your chickens before they hatch!

    Here, “don’t count your chickens before they hatch” means that you shouldn’t act like something has happened before it actually does.

    D. Simile

     A simile is a very common figure of speech that uses the words “like” and “as” to compare two things that are not related by definition. For example, “he is as tall as a mountain,” doesn’t mean he was actually 1,000 feet tall, it just means he was really tall.

       Example

The internet is like a window to the world—you can learn about everything online!

    The common phrase “window to the world” refers to a hypothetical window that lets you see the whole world from it. So, saying the internet is like a window to the world implies that it lets you see anything and everything.

    E. Oxymoron

     An oxymoron is when you use two words together that have contradictory meanings. Some common examples include small crowd, definitely possible, old news, little giant, and so on.

    F. Metonym

    A metonym is a word or phrase that is used to represent something related to bigger meaning. For example, fleets are sometimes described as being “thirty sails strong,” meaning thirty (curiously, this metonym survives in some places, even when the ships in question are not sail-powered!) Similarly, the crew on board those ships may be described as “hands” rather than people.

    G. Irony

    Irony is when a word or phrase’s literal meaning is the opposite of its figurative meaning. Many times (but not always), irony is expressed with sarcasm (see Related Terms). For example, maybe you eat a really bad cookie, and then say “Wow, that was the best cookie I ever had”—of course, what you really mean is that it’s the worst cookie you ever had, but being ironic actually emphasizes just how bad it was!

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Conclusion    :

    In conclusion, figures of speech help to make the speech or written text richer, more understandable, and are used for the sake of the emotional effect. Some of figures of speech are widely used in poetry — metaphor, hyperbole, and amphibolies. On the contrary, such figures of speech as colloquialism, clichés and idioms are used in every day speaking. Figures of speech come from literature, folklore, and films from previous generations. They are a part of the language and culture and thus are often used by the people. However, they may be difficult for understanding if they are used in appropriate situation or wrong context. In addition, due to cultural differences and different level of command of English, figurative language can be difficult for non-native speakers.